1./ Where did the LGBTQ+ movement go wrong? How did a noble cause end up bullying artists and trying to destroy women's sport? The answers may lie buried in the movement's foundational myth about a sexology pioneer and his clinic. The truth is much darker than the myth.

2./ The myth says the template for today's LGBTQ+ movement was laid down at Magnus Hirschfeld's Sexology Institute founded in Berlin in 1919 where the happy marriage between gay and trans rights was forged. Here's even
sciam churning out this canard. https://scientificameric...

這神話是說今日的LGBTQ運動是由1919年在柏林的Magnus Hirschfeld’s性學機構打造的基礎，同志的快樂婚姻和跨性別權利在那裡形成。這裡甚至還有攪亂混水的Scientific America背書。

3./ Hirschfeld, a gay Jewish man, was undoubtedly brave but it's his claim that gay & trans people share some common affinity and his pioneering of 'sex change' surgery that makes him an LGBTQ+ hero. A who's who of trans activism retweeted the
sciam
article.

Hirschfeld，一位猶太人男同，毋庸置疑是勇敢的，但他以因主張同志和跨性別共享相同本性和他前衛的「變性」手術而成為一位LGBTQ的英雄。一位who’s who跨性別社運活躍者轉推了科學美國的文章。👇
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

4./ But did they really read it? Here's the clinic in a starring role in the hit TV series Transparent. The transwoman with the red lipstick is Dora Richter the first person to have a full 'sex change' op including the world's first ever vaginoplasty.

然而他們真的讀過嗎？這裡是這診所在熱門電視影集《透明家庭》做主演的影片。這位紅唇的跨女是Dora Richter，第一位接受了完處變性手術，包括全世界第一場外陰整形手術。
（這有短影片喔）可以點進去推看

5./ The Nazis closed the Institute, burning its library, and Hirschfeld died in exile. We don't know what happened to poor Dora but her story has a dark side that suggests the clinic was never the exemplar that's now suggested. Take her experimental operation as an example.

納粹關掉了這機構，把它的圖書館給燒了，Hirschfeld死於放逐。我不知道可憐的Dora後來怎麼了，但這故事黑暗一面說明這診所從來都不是個好例子。以她的實驗性手術為例

6./ It's a sign of how intellectually dishonest the LGBTQ+ movement has become that none of the sciam retweeters mentioned (or noticed?) a detail that rather undermines the image of the Institute as fundamentally progressive. It was this reference to surgeon Erwin Gohrbrandt.

這是LGBTQ運動變得多麼不誠實的信號，沒有任何一個轉推scientific america的人提到（或注意？）一個降低了這個機構做為本質上進步的形象。而這是對外科醫師Erwin Gohrbrandt的參考資料 👇
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

7./ Yes, on the upside Erwin Gohrbrandt experimented by inventing the vaginoplasty, creating Dora Richter and later Lili (The Danish Girl) Elbe's "female" sex organs. But on the downside he'd go on to work for the Nazis conducting a range of appalling experiments at Dachau.

是的，除了正向的Erwin Gohrbrandt試驗了發明外陰手術創造Dora Richter，還有稍後的Lili Elbe的性器官。（Lili Elbe就是丹麥女孩）。他負面的事蹟是在Dachau的納粹集中營進行了一連串駭人聽聞的實驗。👇
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

8./ Gohrbrandt went straight from experimentally castrating sex change patients to sterilizing the mentally disabled at Am Urban hospital in Berlin. Here's a paper he co-authored in 1937 which provides "some information on the history and technique of sterilization."

Gohrbrandt直接從閹割變性病患進展到為柏林烏爾班醫院的心智障礙者絕育。這是他在1937年列為共同作者的論文，內容寫到「一些關於歷史上的資訊以及絕育的技術。」👇
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

9./ As the Luftwaffe's top medic he wanted to find out how pilots who bailed might survive in the sea. 300 prisoners were repeatedly immersed in freezing water for hours until they died. Colleague Sigmund Rascher created saddlebags from human skin.

做為納粹空軍的頂級醫師他想要找出跳入水中的飛行員怎樣才能在海中存活。300名囚犯重複地被浸在冰水中好幾個小時直到死亡。他的同事Sigmund Rascher從人類皮膚創造出鞍囊. 👇
Nazi Science — The Dachau Hypothermia Experiments | ...

10./ On its own the fact that the doctor who helped invent the vaginoplasty for Hirschfeld became a monster is troubling but unfortunately that's only one of many problems with the mythic story of the Institute. Take this blatant racism.

這個幫忙Hirschfeld創造外陰整形術的醫師變成一個怪獸是讓人很困擾，但這不幸只是伴隨著機構被神話後的眾多問題中的小小一個。看看這公然的種族歧視。👇
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

11./ The clinic's Ethnology Department was run by Baron Ferdinand von Reitzenstein who argued African women were too sexually dominant and advocated "benevolent" German colonial intervention to solve that. So much for that BLM virtue-signalling from Tatchell, Maugham et al

這個從Reitzenstein來的費迪南男爵主持種族部門門診主張非洲女人在性上過於主導並且擁戴仁慈的德國殖民者介入來解決。這還對BLM還真是實質象徵啊。
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

12./ The Baron also argued against women's equality and said women doing "gainful work in male clothing" was a sexual pathology. The rosy myth about the clinic suggests Hirschfeld himself challenged such regressive 'gender binary' attitudes. That's a complete misunderstanding.

這位男爵同時反對女性平等並且主張女性從男人身上得到有收益的工作是性的病變。對於這個診所的美好神話聲稱Hirschfeld挑戰了退步的性別二元化態度。這完全是誤解。👇
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

13./ While he claimed there were over 43 000 different sexual types those were all defined as different combinations of specific male and female biological traits. So a man might have a feminine pelvis or a woman a masculine larynx or skull. It was nonsense and it got worse.
儘管他聲稱有43000種不同的性狀都被歸類為特定的生理男和生理女特質。所以一個男人也可能擁有女人的骨盆或者一個女人擁有男性的喉結或顱骨。這完全是胡說而且更糟糕了。

14./ Homosexuality he said was caused by a biological defect so gay men were effectively demi-women who could never be 100% male. They were effeminate with weak muscles, "mincing gait or feminine handwriting". No wonder many gay men argued strongly against Hirschfeld's

他說同性戀是生物上缺陷造成的，所以同志是天生一輩子不可能成為100％男人的有缺陷的半套女人。他們是 「娘娘腔承載著無力的肌肉，走著小碎步或陰柔書寫的。」。難怪這麼多同志強烈反對Hirschfeld。 👇
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

15./ Hirschfeld saw homosexuality in terms that could have come straight out of today's trans activism. As this article reveals he studied lesbian vaginal secretions to try to find sperm and gay men's urine to find menstrual blood. Lesbian penis anyone?

Hirschfeld看待同性戀的方式延續到今日的跨運。這是一篇他解讀女同陰部分泌物試圖找到精子和男同尿道以找到經血的文章。女同有誰有陰莖？

16./ It's one of the greatest ironies of all about the status of Hirschfeld and his dodgy clinic in today's LGBTQ+ movement that no one mentions his promotion of a vicious form of gay conversion. It all started with a remarkable "discovery" of Dr Eugene Steinach.

這對Hirschfeld地位最大的嘲諷還有他陰猾的診所在今天的LGBTQ運動中，沒人提到他提倡一種同志扭轉治療的邪惡形態。這一切都始於Eugene Steinach不得了的「發現」。

17./ In 1919 when the clinic was founded Europe was in the middle of a craze for monkey gland transplants. The famous cocktail is named after Serge Voronoff's bizarre op in which "rejuvenating" slices of baboon balls were inserted in a patient's scrotum.

1919年當這診所在歐洲創立時正值猴子腺體移植狂熱中。最有名的雞尾酒療法就是以Serge Voronoff的詭異手術服切除狒狒睪丸來塞進病患的陰囊以回春。

18./ Not to be outdone the respectable endocrinologist Steinach announced he'd discovered male cells in the ovaries of a homosexual goat. In a leap of the imagination he now suggested male homosexuals might be cured if they were castrated and given testicles from straight men.

更別說受人尊敬的內分泌學家Steinach聲稱他在同性戀山羊的卵巢裡找到了生理男性的細胞。這個想像力的大跳躍讓他主張男同可能可以被治療，如果他們被閹割然後給予一個直男的睪丸。👇
Malcolm Clark on Twitter

19./ The organs were obtained from straight men who had undescended third testicles. Magnus Hirschfeld became one of Steinach's most stalwart champions and sent gay men to be "cured". The numbers were likely small but the implications were huge.

這種器官來自於有三個睪丸的直男。Magnus Hirschfeld成為Steinach最堅定的同伴並且送男同去「治療」。人數可能小但喻意卻很巨大。

20./ It's often claimed that Hirschfeld's argument that homosexuality was a medical defect was just a useful tactic in his campaign to get decriminalisation. But had this crazy 'gay cure' he promoted taken off thousands might have been maimed. Of course it didn't work.

常有人說，Hirschfeld主張同性戀是生物上缺陷只是一種技巧性除罪化運動的應用。但被迫接受他這種瘋狂"同性戀治療"的無數人可能都已經殘廢了。當然，並沒有發生治療的作用。

21./ The best criticism of Hirschfeld I've seen is in this essay by Chandak Sengupta and came from a contemporary doctor, Edwin Bab, who argued tomboy girls were "simply uncommonly wild" and not and not biologically masculinized as Hirschfeld insisted. Amen to that.

對於Hirschfeld我們看到最好的批評來自於Chandak Sengupta的論文，還有當代的醫師Edwin Bab，他說Tomboy女孩只不過是不常見的野性而不是Hirschfeld堅持的生物上男性。阿門。

22./ The Hirschfeld clinic is indeed a perfect pinup for today's confused LGBTQ+ movement. For one thing Hirschfeld promoted highly experimental and dangerous surgery both on trans people and gay men. His evidence base was even less than that for puberty blockers.

Hirschfeld的診所對於今日讓人困惑的LGBTQ運動可說是完全的一針見血。一方面Hirschfeld提倡同時對於跨性別們和男同志高度實驗性質和危險的手術。他的實證甚至低於青春期阻斷劑。

23./ Just like the LGBTQ+ movement his project was rooted in rigid gender stereotypes and like it his clinic was obsessed with claims the obvious sex of someone could disguise a different hidden sex identity. And just like them his approach was steeped in internalised homophobia.

就像LGBTQ運動他的計畫深植在嚴苛的性別刻板印象，而且他的診所被那些聲稱一個人的外顯性別可能是被假扮隱藏實為另一個生理性別的主意著迷。而就像那些人他的方法也是浸潤在內化的恐同之中。

24./ His lumping together of gay, trans and intersex people as if they share common needs worked profoundly against gay people's interests as it does right now in gender identity clinics where doctors follow Hirschfeld's lead in trying to cure young gays with hormones or surgery.

他對於同志、跨性和間性的勉強容忍仿若他們共享共同的需要深刻地站在同志利益的反方，就像現在在性別認同診所中那些跟隨Hirchfeld指引試圖以荷爾蒙治療年輕的同志。

25./ Above all, it tells you everything you need to know about how unanchored the LGBTQ+ movement has become that it's willing to ignore the clinic's rampant racism, Nazi doctors and 'gay cures' to hold to some dream of gay and trans harmony. It's time we ditched this toxic myth.
綜上所述，這告訴你了所有你需要知道失去定錨的LGBTQ運動如何變成這樣，而且願意忽略這診所猖狂的種族歧視。

完畢

順帶把前一集塞進來。
@StandWithUs - 這位的推特帶大家認識和石牆官方說法不一樣的故事。石牆同運與跨運實則從來都不...

Am Urban Hostipal Berlin應該叫做「柏林烏爾班醫院」（= Urban-Krankenhaus）。
Luftwaffe意思是「空軍」，從上下文來看是要強調納粹空軍。
以上淺見，供您參考。

hohenzollern: 感謝，我按照這個更正。沒有想到要去查德文😂😂😂

剛剛才發現，Baron Ferdinand von Reitzenstein的Baron是指「男爵」，他來自Freiherr von Reitzenstein這個貴族家系。

Von 我記得是of ⋯⋯我只翻譯男爵會很奇怪（結果是from）我德文果然只到認得出是德文的程度。

OK 我修一下。
Ferdinand von Reitzenstein (Sexualwissenschaftler) –...
貌似是人類學家。

估狗第一個寫人類學家，但維基這個抬頭是性學家。

從他的作品來看，他以人類學/民族學為方法基礎，專研性方面，所以並不衝突啦。
DNB, Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek

16 的圖片 Malcolm Clark on Twitter

17的連結 Monkey Gland Cocktail Recipe

hohenzollern: 嗯嗯。謝謝您。

哪裡，我這個路人一直打擾您，才要請你海涵。

hohenzollern: 喔不，歡迎常常糾錯。這邊本來就希望都能提供大家正確的資訊。我能力做不到這點只能倚賴大家了🙏